Google explained the process of a web search with a scrolling infographic. Might be old news for some, but the layout and flow work nicely, guiding you through each step. [Thanks, @amyleerobinson]

We know that movies have changed over the decades. We’ve seen it in declining ratings and box office hits versus Oscar winners. However, these are changes that come along with movies rather than the movies themselves. Cornell University psychologist James Cutting looked closer at the construction of movies over the years, such as shot length, amount of motion, and use of light.

The charts above show a decrease in shot length (smaller sample of movies on the left and larger sample in the top right).

The average shot length of English language films has declined from about 12 seconds in 1930 to about 2.5 seconds today, Cutting said. At the Academy event he showed a scatter plot with data from the British film scholar Barry Salt, who’s calculated the average shot duration in more than 15,000 movies made between 1910 and 2010. That’s a lot of shots. In a 2010 study, Cutting found an average of 1,132 shots per film in a smaller sample of 150 movies made between 1935 and 2010; the King Kong remake, incidentally, had the most: A whopping 3,099 shots packed into 187 minutes.

The decrease isn’t quite as linear as the smaller sample shows, as you can see in the larger one. But the downwards trend seems clear. I hope the trend continues towards movies composed entirely of one-frame scenes.

When you hear about sports analytics in the news or when announcers talk about it during a game, it seems like really advanced stuff is going on behind the scenes. There must be huge computers chugging away at tons of data finding the best player for a team, the best defensive scheme against other teams, and how to get the most bang for the buck. There must be genius Billy Beane assistants for every team of every sport now. Right? Right?

But then you see a job listing for the Director of Basketball Analytics of the Brooklyn Nets and remember that sports analytics is still in its early stages.

The duties and responsibilities section sounds fine. The qualifications section, less so. You have to be good at Microsoft Office and Outlook, you have to be a well-balanced and sane person who doesn’t look like a bum, and you must be able to lift at least ten pounds.

Nice. That pretty much rules me out completely.

Since the recession, it’s taken a while for household incomes to come back to where they were in 2009. In most parts of the country, incomes are still lower, however, it appears they are making their way back to 2009 levels. With the Census Bureau’s recent release of data from their American Community Survey, the Washington Post charted the annual difference from 2009 to 2013.

Each line represents a metropolitan area’s difference in household income of a current year, compared to that of 2009. So the closer to or higher above the thin black baseline the better.

Today is the last day to pre-order a song chart poster. Now is the best time to get it, since after this it’s probably going to cost like a billion times more. Bonus: It’s also a great way to support FlowingData.

Thanks to all those who ordered already. I’m expecting to ship late October.

Pre-order your poster today.

P.S. There’s discounted shipping when you order more than one or order it along with the famous movie quotes poster.

Periscopic, for Scientific American, visualized the number of PhDs awarded in various countries. You might expect men to be in high percentages and women to be in low, but it’s not always in that direction.

In the U.S., women are going to college and majoring in science and engineering fields in increasing numbers, yet here and around the world they remain underrepresented in the workforce. Comparative figures are hard to come by, but a disparity shows up in the number of Ph.D.s awarded to women and men. The chart here, assembled from data collected by the National Science Foundation, traces the gender gap at the doctoral level for 56 nations. The situation in individual countries varies widely, but as the numbers make clear, there are interesting exceptions to the global trend.

Each view shows a vertical dotted line to indicate where PhDs awarded are an even split between men and women. To the left of that dotted line shows where men earn more PhDs than women, and on the right, where women earn more than men.

Movies and television shows often reflect cultural trends of the time they are made in. Even movies that take place during the past or future can say something about the present through metadata or production style. Benjamin Schmidt, an assistant professor of history at Northeastern University, provides a tool that lets you see trends in movie and television dialogue.
Read More

You’ve likely seen the classic Powers of Ten video from 1977. It starts on an individual and continues to zoom out farther to a view of galaxies. The video provides a sense of scale that makes really big (and really small) numbers more relatable. We’re just not very good at picturing scales beyond a certain range.

So when you hear that retired baseball player Derek Jeter took an estimated 342,000 swings during his professional career, you get that it’s a lot, but only kind of. The New York Times went all Powers of Ten on the Jeter swing count to help you see better.

The piece starts with a single swinging Jeter, and as you scroll down you get the average swings per at-bat, then practice swings per game. Keep going, and you get the career total.

See all the Jeters.

Graphic designer Txaber created beer can labeling to match the typical color of each beverage to its Pantone color.

I probably wouldn’t buy beer with this labeling though. Usually you look for more complexity in your beverage, and these colored cans say flat and single-noted beer to me. Fun though. And maybe useful for beer beginners. [via Boing Boing]

Recurring TED talker Hans Rosling returns with his son and Gapminder Foundation co-founder Ola Rosling and an update on their latest work: the Ignorance Project. They hope to shift people’s biased perception of world progress towards the statistics — and to surpass chimps in correctness.

The audience quiz and real-time results work perfectly. I’m guessing the audience answers on their keypads, Ola enters the results backstage, and then the audience sees the finished slide by the time Hans gets there.

In high school health class, where I learned about contraceptives and the dangers of pre-marital sex, my teacher spouted rates to scare. He would say something like condoms are 98 percent effective but never explained what that meant. Do they break 2 percent of the time? Do couples get pregnant 2 percent of the time? STDs?

These charts from Gregor Aisch and Bill Marsh might help. They show the probability of an unplanned pregnancy, categorized by contraceptive and over a span of ten years. The top solid lines represent probabilities with “typical use” and the dashed lines on the bottom represent probabilities with “perfect use.”

Maybe it’s time for better instructions on how to use these things.

Update: The calculation of long-term probabilities is likely on the pessimistic side and makes too many assumptions about the data and population. Andrew Whitby critiques.

Malke Rosenfeld uses percussive dance to teach math to her elementary students. The program is called Math in Your Feet. Through learning dance patterns, students also pick up on math concepts such as “congruence, symmetry, transformation, angles and degrees, attributes, pattern recognition, symbols, and mapping on a coordinate grid.” Rosenfeld explains in the video below.

Too bad it’s not learning dance through math. I could’ve used some carefully drawn diagrams to get through the awkward dance portion of physical education.

Data journalist Anna Flagg for ProPublica reported on animal species at higher risk of extinction.

Animal species are going extinct anywhere from 100 to 1,000 times the rates that would be expected under natural conditions. According to Elizabeth Kolbert’s The Sixth Extinction and other recent studies, the increase results from a variety of human-caused effects including climate change, habitat destruction, and species displacement. Today’s extinction rates rival those during the mass extinction event that wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.

The data has an interesting organization. Think back to sixth-grade science and remember that animals are grouped in a hierarchy of order, family, genus, and species. This hierarchy is represented with horizontal bars on the bottom, vertical line pointers, vertical bars, and elements within each bar, respectively.

Once you get down to the genus level (vertical bars), the interactive gets kind of tough to use unless you search for a specific species. I want some filters or some breakout sections to highlight spots to look at. However, as a tool for those closer to the challenge, this seems like it could be quite useful.

A Truncated Story of Infinity, a short film by Paul Trillo, explores the infinite possibilities in the mundane and everyday — “cosmic doppelgangers.” So many small things can change the course of a day entirely.

There were a lot of moments that reminded me of the opening scene from Stranger Than Fiction.

The New York Public Library is developing an eBook-borrowing system, which includes an app that helps you keep track of books, process, and such. One of the challenges is displaying the covers of available books when many of the works don’t actually have a cover, so NYPL Labs turned to generative covers that could be made on the fly. Mauricio Giraldo Arteaga, in charged of design, explains the process.

The code for iOS and Processing is available on GitHub.

Beat Blox is a student project by Per Holmquist from Beckmans College of Design. Blocks are placed on a turntable, and beats sound accordingly. Super playful.

[via CAN]

Scientists found the fossils of a giant dinosaur that they estimate was 26 meters long and 60 tons heavy. How much is that really? BBC News provided a simple chart to put size into perspective. They compared dinosaur sizes to a moose, African Elephant, and a Boeing 737-900.

Impressive. Although not as impressive as Mega Shark. [Thanks, Jim]

The British Library georeferencing project places old maps, as far back as the 16th century, on top of Google Maps for browsing and as a mode of comparison.

The British Library began a project to crowdsource the georeferencing of its scanned historic mapping in 2011 by partnering with Klokan Technologies to customise its online georeferencing tool. There have been five public releases of maps since 2012, all of which met with tremendous success. In total over 8,000 maps have been “placed” by participants and subsequently checked for accuracy and approved.

Has someone else done this? I feel like I’ve seen something like this project before, but the closest thing I can think of is Historypin, which overlaid images on top of Google Streetview.