This week, we round off 2025 with a chart breakdown for one of my favorite types, the ridgeline chart. It has layers.

The Washington Post analyzed TikTok usage, finding what topics the algorithm nudges users towards more:

TikTok’s algorithm favors mental health content over many other topics, including politics, cats and Taylor Swift, according to a Washington Post analysis of nearly 900 U.S. TikTok users who shared their viewing histories. The analysis found that mental health content is “stickier” than many other videos: It’s easier to spawn more of it after watching with a video, and harder to get it out of your feed afterward.

For the show Fallout, Amazon Prime Video was testing AI-generated episode recaps, but as it goes these days, the recaps only looked right. Emma Roth reports for the Verge:

The feature is supposed to use AI to analyze a show’s key plot points and sum it all in a bite-sized video, complete with an AI voiceover and clips from the series.

But in its season one recap of Fallout, Prime Video incorrectly stated that one of The Ghoul’s (Walton Goggins) flashbacks is set in “1950s America” rather than the year 2077, as spotted earlier by Games Radar.

You mean 90% correct is not good enough?

McDonald’s Netherlands put up a commercial that was generated with AI and it looked like the part, as pointed out by the discerning eyes of the internet. For Futurism, Joe Wilkins reports:

This year, McDonald’s decided to get in on the corporate slopfest with a 45-second Christmas spot cooked up for its Netherlands division by the ad agency TBWA\Neboko. The entire thing is AI, and revolves around the thesis that the holiday season is the “most terrible time of the year.”

Humbug aside, the ad assaults the viewer with rapidly-changing scenes played out in AI’s typically nauseating fashion. Because most videos generated with AI tend to lose continuity after a handful of seconds, short and rapidly-changing scenes have become one of the key tells that the clip you’re watching is AI.

Similar to Coke’s 2025 Holiday ad, the McDonald’s spot is like a visual seizure, full of grotesque characters, horrible color grading, and hackneyed AI approximations of basic physics.

Maybe all publicity is good publicity, but I don’t think this is what McDonald’s was aiming for.

Wildfires and hurricanes continue to grow more common, so insurance companies have more frequently turned down customers. Homeowners then have to turn to Fair Access to Insurance Requirements, or FAIR plans, which are a last resort type of coverage. Prinz Magtulis and Soumya Karwa report for Reuters on the changes over the last few years.

Neal Agarwal published another gift to the internet with Size of Life. It shows the scale of living things, starting with DNA, to hemoglobin, and keeps going up.

The scientific illustrations are hand-drawn (without AI) by Julius Csotonyi. Sound & FX by Aleix Ramon and cello music by Iratxe Ibaibarriaga calm the mind and encourage a slow observation of things, but also grow in complexity and weight with the scale. It kind of feels like a meditation exercise.

See also: shrinking to an atom, the speed of light, and of course the classic Powers of Ten.

There are seven states that legalized gambling on your phone. So you can play slots all the live long day while you watch television and walk your dog. For NYT’s the Upshot, Ben Blatt shows the billions in tax revenue this provides states, which makes revenue from sports betting apps look like pocket change.

I guess good for the states?

This seems terrible for people gambling away their income on slot games. These games favor the house in the long run, so the longer you play the closer you get to certainty that you will lose everything. That doesn’t bode well for those who play all the time.

This week, we look at the making of a treemap on income, following a decade of other charts. All paths lead somewhere.

Michael Friendly, known for piecing together the history of visualization, chatted with Cabinet of Infographic Curiosities. I liked this tidbit on Charles-Joseph Minard:

Minard would likely be unknown today, if Marey had not so aptly said his flow map of Napoleon’s March on Moscow “defied the pen of the historian by its brutal eloquence.” Funkhouser picked this up, and then Tufte anointed it as “the greatest graphic ever drawn”. But in his time, Minard was just an engineer working for the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees (School of Bridges and Roads) in Paris. The corpus of his work lay buried in the archives of the ENPC. Today, Paris celebrates its intellectual and artistic heroes with place names, like Rue Descartes, Place Monge, …but there is nothing named for Minard. Not even his burial place was known until Antoine discovered this in Montparnasse Cemetery, and Les Chevaliers met for lunch and a celebration at his grave, where a small plaque was installed.

When Zillow removed climate risk scores from property listings, many assumed the company acted out of political pressure. The main issue though was that the risk models behind the scores were not reliable enough. For Bloomberg, Eric Roston reports:

“You have to know something about the individual structure — its foundation, the presence of a basement, first-floor height,” says Howard Botts, chief scientist of Cotality.

Each assumption that a model makes, implicitly or explicitly, adds another layer: land slope, a building’s use, how many stories it has.

“‘Climate risk’ is much more than just the physical hazard,” agrees Adam Pollack. “The relationship of hazard and the built environment — and damage — is the actual risk.”

Most climate models are abstract and high level out of necessity. Assessing risk at the individual level is tricky, especially when there are so many variables to consider. Plus, in the case of individual homes, the value of each is especially relevant to both buyers and sellers. You can’t just give a sweeping aggregate.

As hurricanes and wildfires grow more common in some areas, home values go down and insurance premiums go up. Claire Brown and Mira Rojanasakul report for the New York Times:

Since 2018, a financial shock in the home insurance market has meant that homes in the ZIP codes most exposed to hurricanes and wildfires would sell for an average of $43,900 less than they would otherwise, the research found. They include coastal towns in Louisiana and low-lying areas in Florida.

The Midwest seems to be hit hard by insurance premiums as well. I did not know hail was such an issue.

In parts of the hail-prone Midwestern states, insurance now eats up more than a fifth of the average homeowner’s total housing payments, which include mortgage costs and property taxes. In Orleans Parish, La., that number is nearly 30 percent.

The cost of streaming services keeps going up. There are plans with and without ads. Standard and premium options. For the Wall Street Journal, Melissa Korn, Elizaveta Galkina, and Stephanie Stamm charted the rise in prices across the major services and the companies’ shifted priorities from acquiring new customers to making a profit.

Years ago, I was reasoning my way out of cable television, which I did eventually. As streaming continues its convergence with cable, I’m figuring out when to get rid of streaming services, because it’s cheaper to just buy physical copies or check out DVDs from the library.

The United States Geological Survey published composite maps and data for the country’s geological makeup.

The Earth’s Surface geology layer depicts geologic units exposed at the Earth’s surface in the conterminous United States, ranging in age from Quaternary glacial deposits and alluvium to Precambrian crystalline bedrock. In the U.S. West and Southeast, the map is a composite of 29 state geologic maps depicting geology at the Earth’s surface. In the glaciated region of the Midwest and Northeast, the map is a composite of 21 state geologic maps depicting pre-Quaternary rocks (“bedrock”), 8 state geologic maps depicting Quaternary deposits, and 18 USGS Quaternary Atlas Series maps depicting Quaternary deposits. The Quaternary Atlas maps were used where modern state geologic maps were not available.

You can download the data and other map layers through USGS. As per the title, the above only shows the surface. They have data that stretches back billions of years ago.

[via Beautiful Public Data]

Reddit user ViKoToMo scraped Costco receipts from his account and made a dashboard that shows spending for the past two years.

This short script by Ankur Dave was used to access Costco receipts. I’m not sure how long that’s going to work, but there you go, in case you also would like to see how many thousands of dollars you spend on organic chicken thighs, bananas, and street tacos.

Every month I collect visualization tools, datasets, and learning resources. This is the good stuff for November.

Speaking of traffic fatalities, Helsinki is doing things differently. Amanda Shendruk for Not-Ship has the charts:

This past summer, Helsinki made an astonishing announcement: as of August, the Finnish capital went an entire year without any traffic deaths. Not a single pedestrian, cyclist or driver died on the city’s roads. Not. One.

And this wasn’t an outlier year. Helsinki’s traffic deaths have been steadily declining for decades.

Lower speed limits and income-based speeding fines helped the city get to this point. Maybe others should give this a try.

Sidenote: Not-Ship is a new data-focused newsletter from Shendruk that is worth a sub.

For the Washington Post, Ian Duncan, Emmanuel Martinez, and Dylan Moriarty analyzed traffic fatality data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration:

The Post analysis documents, for the first time, a sharp increase in places with clusters of pedestrian deaths, revealing the deadliest neighborhoods and stretches of road in hundreds of cities. The number of locations with at least three recent pedestrian deaths clustered within a mile of one another tripled during this period, from more than 275 in 2010 to more than 825 in 2023, The Post found. Those hot spots increased most in states in the southern half of the country such as Tennessee, North Carolina and Arizona.

A searchable map lets you see incident counts in places of interest, which is unsettling when you see dots and hexagons not far from where you live.

The Washington Post examined political contributions from the 100 wealthiest Americans, which have shown big swings the past few years.

What changed? Republicans long characterized Silicon Valley as a bastion of liberalism. But over the past half-decade, many of tech’s wealthiest titans rebelled against the Biden administration’s criticism and policing of their industry. Last year, many tech barons threw their support behind the GOP, which they saw as more aligned with their often-libertarian ideals and their companies’ economic interests. Trump and his party actively wooed influential tech leaders, embracing cryptocurrency and promising to limit AI regulation. His vice president, JD Vance, formerly worked as a venture capitalist in San Francisco, forging ties to Thiel, former Google CEO Eric Schmidt and venture capitalist Marc Andreessen.

It’s all about the money, as usual.